Free Essays on Lost City Of Atlantis

Lost city of Atlantis The Ocean is filled with untold stories that are waiting to be discov-ered. Who knows what may lie under the deep blue Ocean. Atlantis is one of those untold stories that are awaiting an explanation. Atlantis today has no solid explanation of how old it is, where it is located, or if it really existed at all. There are numerous theories on how Atlantis was destroyed or if it was a physical place. Some people believe they have found the lost city of Atlantis. Atlantis is believed to have existed over 2500 years ago and had such things as running hot and cold water, streets of gold, and all the nicest things on Earth (EarthQuest, pg. 1). Having such things as these Atlantis must have been a splendid place to live. What more would anyone want if with a wonderful place as Atlantis. Atlantis has a brief history because most of it has not yet been discovered. The Greek Word Atlantis means the Island of Atlas, just as the word Atlantic means the Ocean of Atlas (Laketech, pg.1). Atlantis was the domain of the Greek Poseidon, god of the sea. He is the one that was said to have made and destroyed Atlantis. When Poseidon fell in love with a mortal woman, Cleito, he created a dwelling at the top of a hill near the middle of the Island. Surrounding the dwelling with rings of water and land to protect her (The Active Mind, pg.1). Soon After Poseidon, god of the sea, sired five pairs of male twins with the mortal woman â€Å"Cleito†. When the children grew up Poseidon appointed the eldest of these sons, At-las the titan, ruler of his beautiful Island domain (Laketech, pg 1). The Island of Atlantis was the center for trade and commerce. Atlan-tis was governed in peace, was rich in commerce, was advanced in knowledge, and held domain over the surrounding islands and contents. Portions of the city were devoted to commerce and industry. This was be-cause the Atlanteans used the discoveries of their scient... Free Essays on Lost City Of Atlantis Free Essays on Lost City Of Atlantis Lost city of Atlantis The Ocean is filled with untold stories that are waiting to be discov-ered. Who knows what may lie under the deep blue Ocean. Atlantis is one of those untold stories that are awaiting an explanation. Atlantis today has no solid explanation of how old it is, where it is located, or if it really existed at all. There are numerous theories on how Atlantis was destroyed or if it was a physical place. Some people believe they have found the lost city of Atlantis. Atlantis is believed to have existed over 2500 years ago and had such things as running hot and cold water, streets of gold, and all the nicest things on Earth (EarthQuest, pg. 1). Having such things as these Atlantis must have been a splendid place to live. What more would anyone want if with a wonderful place as Atlantis. Atlantis has a brief history because most of it has not yet been discovered. The Greek Word Atlantis means the Island of Atlas, just as the word Atlantic means the Ocean of Atlas (Laketech, pg.1). Atlantis was the domain of the Greek Poseidon, god of the sea. He is the one that was said to have made and destroyed Atlantis. When Poseidon fell in love with a mortal woman, Cleito, he created a dwelling at the top of a hill near the middle of the Island. Surrounding the dwelling with rings of water and land to protect her (The Active Mind, pg.1). Soon After Poseidon, god of the sea, sired five pairs of male twins with the mortal woman â€Å"Cleito†. When the children grew up Poseidon appointed the eldest of these sons, At-las the titan, ruler of his beautiful Island domain (Laketech, pg 1). The Island of Atlantis was the center for trade and commerce. Atlan-tis was governed in peace, was rich in commerce, was advanced in knowledge, and held domain over the surrounding islands and contents. Portions of the city were devoted to commerce and industry. This was be-cause the Atlanteans used the discoveries of their scient...

Reduction Definition and Examples in Chemistry

Reduction Definition and Examples in Chemistry Reduction involves a half-reaction in which a chemical species decreases its oxidation number, usually by gaining electrons. The other half of the reaction involves oxidation, in which electrons are lost. Together, reduction and oxidation form redox reactions (reduction-oxidation redox). Reduction may be considered the opposite process of oxidation. In some reactions, oxidation and reduction may be viewed in terms of oxygen transfer. Here, oxidation is the gain of oxygen, while reduction is the loss of oxygen. An old, less-common definition of oxidation and reduction examines the reaction in terms of protons or hydrogen. Here, oxidation is ​the loss of hydrogen, while reduction is the gain of hydrogen. The most accurate reduction definition involves electrons and oxidation number. Examples of Reduction The H ions, with an oxidation number of 1, are reduced to H2, with an oxidation number of 0, in the reaction: Zn(s) 2H(aq) → Zn2(aq) H2(g) Another simple example is the reaction between copper oxide and magnesium to yield copper and magnesium oxide: CuO Mg → Cu MgO Rusting of iron is a process that involves oxidation and reduction. Oxygen is reduced, while iron is oxidized. While its easy to identify which species are oxidized and reduced using the oxygen definition of oxidation and reduction, its harder to visualize electrons. One way to do this is to rewrite the reaction as an ionic equation. Copper(II) oxide and magnesium oxide are ionic compounds, while the metals are not: Cu2 Mg → Cu Mg2 The copper ion undergoes reduction by gaining electrons to form copper. The magnesium undergoes oxidation by losing electrons to form the 2 cation. Or, you can view it as magnesium reducing the copper(II) ions by donating electrons. Magnesium acts as a reducing agent. In the meantime, the copper(II) ions remove electrons from magnesium to form magnesium ions. The copper(II) ions are the oxidizing agent. Another example is the reaction that extracts iron from iron ore: Fe2O3 3CO → 2Fe 3 CO2 The iron oxide undergoes reduction (loses oxygen) to form iron while the carbon monoxide is oxidized (gains oxygen) to form carbon dioxide. In this context, iron(III) oxide is the oxidizing agent, which gives oxygen to another molecule. Carbon monoxide is the reducing agent, which removes oxygen from a chemical species. OIL RIG and LEO GER To Remember Oxidation and Reduction There are two acronyms that may help you keep oxidation and reduction straight. OIL RIG- This stands for Oxidation Is Loss and Reduction Is Gain. The species that is oxidized loses electrons, which are gained by the species that is reduced.LEO GER or Leo the lion says grr.- This stands for Loss of Electrons Oxidation while Gain of Electrons Reduction. Another way to remember which part of the reaction is oxidized and which is reduced is to simply recall reduction mean reduction in charge.

Economics for Transport Manager Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Economics for Transport Manager - Essay Example Besides the use of the sector in production purposes, it has great importance amongst the consumer class of the society. Transportation cost holds a significant amount in consumer’s budget. Moreover transportation costs determine the price of products with increase in the former, contributing to simultaneous increase in the later. Thus the main aim of this paper is to discuss the different aspects of transport economics along with identifying the importance of the sector in every economic transaction. Pricing in the transport sector of the economy depends on different and continuously changing factors. The factors that have been identified are the type of the transport, the different types of industry and the countries and towns in which the transport sector is functioning. Moreover the pricing mechanism of the private transport industry differs from that of public transport. Thus there arises the need of discussing the two different price mechanisms of average cost pricing an d marginal cost pricing for the transport industry. (Jansson & Martinsson, 2003, p6) Difference between average cost pricing of a monopolist and marginal cost pricing Average cost pricing is referred as the procedure of charging price by a monopoly. If P is the price of the monopolist and AC is the average cost then the approach of average cost pricing of monopolist is accomplished where P = AC. In case of average cost pricing the firm enjoys zero profit. In transportation, setting price equal to average costs means the provider will offer the service when the value of providing the service is at least equal to the average cost of the same. (Haworth, n.d) P A AC P=AC MC D O MR Q (Haworth n.d) In this diagram... It is clear, that transport is a significant sector of the economy. The paper therefore discusses the economics of the transport sector applicable to business perspectives. Firstly, the paper focuses on mechanisms of setting standard price as are used in this sector. Identifying the price mechanisms and the importance of a proper market structure to the management are the subsequent topics of discussion. Competition has been identified as essential for efficient functioning of a market. Truly being applicable for the transport sector of the economy, the next topic of discussion of the paper is the importance of competitive laws and the effect of improperly designed competitive laws on economic functioning with its applicability to the transport sector. Transportation holds a significant position in the consumer basket and increase in its cost affects the consumer price index. Moreover transportation acts as a tool in maintaining stability of the economy through proper distribution of goods and services. Improper functioning of the sector may lead to the increase in price of products through the increase in transportation costs. Thus the importance of transportation in the economy as well as in the life of common people is the main focus of this paper. To conclude it can be said that transportation is a sector that has huge importance in every aspects of economy. The costs of transport which is in turn dependant on fuel have a cascading impact on all other products and services.

Organisational Behaviour and Human Resource Management Southwest Research Paper

Organisational Behaviour and Human Resource Management Southwest Airlines - Research Paper Example Southwest Airlines is a well known name in the American aviation industry. It is the largest domestic carrier in United States operating more than 3000 flights a day. The company is a huge success story due to its record continuous profits, even in years when other airlines were suffering. The company was founded in 1971 and since 1973 to 2003 the company never recorded an annual loss. This strong financial record has forced management gurus to study the company in detail in order to understand the factors behind its success. Southwest Airlines only flies within United States and even then the company has done extremely well over the past three and a half decades. The friendly organizational culture of the company may be one of the reasons behind this tremendous success. In this report Southwest Airlines will be discussed in great details and a thorough SWOT analysis will be conducted. Organizational behavior and leadership within the company will be discussed alongside with human re source management issues. Details of organizational culture and structure will also be included in the report. In the end future directions of the company will be analyzed and discussion will be made on how it will try to launch its operations globally. Recommendations will also be made at the end. Background Southwest Airline has always used a strategy that is not widely practiced in the aviation industry. The company uses cost leadership approach in its business operations. Since its inception the company has targeted shorter routes and has tried to fly more flights between cities. Due to this approach Southwest Airline has been successful in gaining a significant market share in the country. The company has been successful in lowering costs to an amazingly low level and by doing this it has knocked out its competitors (Bunz & Maes, 1998). With very low fare it is a first choice of cost conscious frequent travelers. The company uses a variety of techniques to lower its costs down and maintains profitability by utilizing its resources in an efficient manner. An example would be the plane of Southwest Airlines where there is no first class seating available. All the seats are labeled economy class because it allows more seats in the plane. This is one example of how lower costs is achieved by South West Airlines. Southwest Airline has also achieved success because of its inspirational leadership. The CEO of the company for a long time was Herb Kelleher. His charismatic leadership is one of the major reasons why the company did well for a long time (Gibson & Blackwell, 1999). The business strategy of the company has been of lowering costs and increasing efficiency, and charismatic leadership blends well with such a strategy. The organizational culture of the company is also commendable. Southwest Airline has a very friendly culture and employees are encouraged to take initiatives. Employees are also treated in a good manner and this is what motivates them to wo rk hard. Workers of the company are a major reason why company has always been successful even in tough economic times. Employees are given power to take decisions and this is why they are able to come up with innovative ideas and this helps the company at the grass root level. The company only flies short routes with United States and it

Dona Perfecta Essay Example for Free

Dona Perfecta Essay Dona Perfecta, written by B. Perez Galdos, is a novel that explores the conflict between the new progressive movement and the old religious school of thought. This conflict takes place in the small Spanish village of Orbajosa. Narrow-minded Catholic zealots dominate Orbajosa. The most prominent of the zealots is Dona Perfecta. Dona is traditional catholic and strives to fight any opposition to her fixed beliefs. Pepe Rey, her nephew, presents the biggest challenge to Dona because he is an engineer who relies on scientific fact rather than religious faith. Dona feels as though Pepe is challenging her and the towns’ livelihood. This belief leads Dona to not only turn the town against Pepe, but also to have him killed. Dona’s Catholic belief system is only a facade to her evil nature. The town of Orbajosa is presented to be a small yet inviting town. Pepe is welcomed to the town warmly and happily. Dona is the first to greet Pepe when the narrator states, â€Å"the sincere expression of her affection, was receiving him at the gate itself in her loving arms† (23). Dona appears to be a very loving and hospitable character. She also surprises Pepe with her lengthy preparations to his room when the narrator states, â€Å"Pepe recognized in all the details of the room the diligent and loving hand of the woman† (24). Dona has proven that she is capable of being kind and loving towards those who pose no threat to her lifestyle. However, it is only when Pepe denounces religion that Dona feels threatened and begins to revel her evil nature. When Pepe and the town canon, Don Inocencio, meet, the men clash with their ideals. Both are intelligent and therefore, are stubborn. Pepe reveals to Don Inocencio that science is more valid than religion when he states, â€Å"Mysticism in religion, routine in science, mannerism in art, are failing, as the Pagan gods fell† (36). Pepe expresses his opinions about science and religion without any hesitation. Don Incencio and the towns’ people of Orbajosa feel that Pepe is resolutely against their beliefs. Increasing animosity is the result of Pepe’s progressive mind-set. Dona feels as though Pepe is a liability to the town’s way of life and the only way to get rid of the problem is to exterminate it completely. Dona is desperate to get rid of Pepe. She knows that Pepe poses the possibly to contaminate the towns ideals with his progressive philosophy. Dona decides that the town must turn against Pepe. Dona accuses Pepe of being disrespectful in the church when she states, â€Å"between thinking things and showing them in that irreverent manner, there is a distance which a man of good sense and good breeding should never cross† (56). Dona feels the need to make baseless accusations about Pepe in order to sway the public opinion against Pepe. Pepe himself recognizes the absurdity of Dona’s accusation when he states, â€Å"I have shown no contempt for any one, nor do I entertain the ideas which you attribute to me† (57). Pepe is troubled by the idea that his own aunt would accuse him of such trivial acts. Pepe knows that his progressive ideals are threatening to the town and are creating distrust between him and Orbajosa. Dona knows that the only way to truly get rid of Pepe is to kill him. Dona is consumed with the idea that the town of Orbajosa is transitioning from a traditional mindset to a progressive mindset. In reaction, Dona orders the killing of Pepe. She then lies about the killing saying that Pepe committed suicide when she states, â€Å"Pepe Rey at about twelve o’clock last night entered the garden of the house and shot himself in the right temple† (218). Dona manufactured this lie in order to cover up her evil action. Dona resorted to extreme and evil measures in order to preserve her way of thought. Her name Dona Perfecta is ironic in the sense that Dona is far from perfect because she is evil. The injustice that Dona commits revels not only the true hypocritical nature of Dona but also the hypocritical nature of Orbajosa as a whole. Dona Perfecta uses the conflict between Pepe and Dona to show the strong opposition the progressive movement faces. While Pepe was welcomed at first, he was soon ostracized and persecuted for his thoughts. The towns’ people of Orbajosa felt Pepe might threaten their way of life. Extreme measures were taken by Dona to put Pepe to rest. Perhaps Galdos intends the reader to see that while people may appear to be good, in reality, they are not what they seem.

Energy Bars: An Athletes Friend or Foe :: Health Nutrition Athletics Sports Papers

I. What are "energy bars"? Definition and Contents: An energy bar is a convenient, fortified snack-food containing a blend of simple and complex carbohydrates, protein, fat, fiber, and vitamins and minerals. The primary source of protein in energy bars usually comes from milk and the fiber comes from grains and oats. Some bars also contain additional herbs, such as ginseng and guarana, "to help provide maximum energy" and to stimulate the central nervous system (http://s2.com.etj/ wn/sportsbars.html). Others include sodium and potassium phosphate to increase oxygen consumption capacity and to prevent lactic acid buildup in the muscles. The size of an energy bar varies with each brand and can range anywhere from one ounce to more than five ounces. The majority contain 100 to 300 calories and get most of these calories (at least 60 percent) from carbohydrates (Walsh 1997). The bars are usually easy to digest and come in a wide array of flavors and textures. They are advertised by most manufacturers as an "optimum energy fuel" and are us ed mainly as a way to replenish the body's energy stores as they are being depleted (http://s2.com/etj/wn/sportsbars.html). Who are they for? Where are they found? Energy bars are most often associated with top athletes and endurance sports, such as bicycling and running. Recently, however, they have started to attract outdoor enthusiasts, participants of team sports, and casual exercisers (McEvoy 1994). They are becoming so popular that even overweight individuals are eating them as a low-fat meal substitute (Runner's World 1994). Today they can be found almost anywhere: in sporting good stores, pharmacies, health food shops, and even several department stores (Lobb 1995). When do you eat them? Energy bars can be consumed before an event to ensure sufficient levels of muscle and liver glycogen (stored carbohydrate), during an event to stabilize or maintain blood sugar levels, or after an event to replace expended nutrients and to maximize recovery. Some people also eat them as a snack or meal replacement throughout the day. Specific times and amounts obviously vary for each person (http://s2.com/etj/wn/sportsbars.html). II. Two main types of energy bars: 1. High-carbo group Most energy bars are placed in this group because they are high in carbohydrates and low in proteins and fats. Producers of these bars argue that a high portion of carbohydrates provides "a superior source of fuel for endurance performance and that the fewer fat calories you ingest in a pre-workout, the better". Energy Bars: An Athlete's Friend or Foe :: Health Nutrition Athletics Sports Papers I. What are "energy bars"? Definition and Contents: An energy bar is a convenient, fortified snack-food containing a blend of simple and complex carbohydrates, protein, fat, fiber, and vitamins and minerals. The primary source of protein in energy bars usually comes from milk and the fiber comes from grains and oats. Some bars also contain additional herbs, such as ginseng and guarana, "to help provide maximum energy" and to stimulate the central nervous system (http://s2.com.etj/ wn/sportsbars.html). Others include sodium and potassium phosphate to increase oxygen consumption capacity and to prevent lactic acid buildup in the muscles. The size of an energy bar varies with each brand and can range anywhere from one ounce to more than five ounces. The majority contain 100 to 300 calories and get most of these calories (at least 60 percent) from carbohydrates (Walsh 1997). The bars are usually easy to digest and come in a wide array of flavors and textures. They are advertised by most manufacturers as an "optimum energy fuel" and are us ed mainly as a way to replenish the body's energy stores as they are being depleted (http://s2.com/etj/wn/sportsbars.html). Who are they for? Where are they found? Energy bars are most often associated with top athletes and endurance sports, such as bicycling and running. Recently, however, they have started to attract outdoor enthusiasts, participants of team sports, and casual exercisers (McEvoy 1994). They are becoming so popular that even overweight individuals are eating them as a low-fat meal substitute (Runner's World 1994). Today they can be found almost anywhere: in sporting good stores, pharmacies, health food shops, and even several department stores (Lobb 1995). When do you eat them? Energy bars can be consumed before an event to ensure sufficient levels of muscle and liver glycogen (stored carbohydrate), during an event to stabilize or maintain blood sugar levels, or after an event to replace expended nutrients and to maximize recovery. Some people also eat them as a snack or meal replacement throughout the day. Specific times and amounts obviously vary for each person (http://s2.com/etj/wn/sportsbars.html). II. Two main types of energy bars: 1. High-carbo group Most energy bars are placed in this group because they are high in carbohydrates and low in proteins and fats. Producers of these bars argue that a high portion of carbohydrates provides "a superior source of fuel for endurance performance and that the fewer fat calories you ingest in a pre-workout, the better".

Landscape, Spirit, and Music Essay

Anne Boyd’s â€Å"Landscape, Spirit, and Music: An Australian Story† is a substantive view on the integration of the landscape of a distinct culture represented by aboriginal beliefs and traditions to Australia’s inimitable non-Indigenous music industry. Boyd said, â€Å"it is possible to see something of the significance of music in constructing an ‘inspirited’ relationship with landscape as part of a possible process of ‘aboriginalization’ which is slowly affecting all of Australia’s non-indigenous inhabitants. † Boyd sought to prove her assumptions by presenting various evidences in the works of famous Australian composers such as Ross Edwards, Peter Sculthorpe, and David Lumsdaine, including the artistry of Tommy Barrtjap as a musician. The landscape that Boyd was referring to with regards to the influences of some non-Indigenous Australian composers encompasses the history of Australia, the culture of its indigenous people, as well as the physical landscape or environment that makes the country matchless in beauty and whereiwthal. The history of Australia serves as the backdrop or milieu from which the composers were able to structure their unique, meaningful, and poignant music. Furthermore, the culture of Australia’s indigenous peoples becomes the inspiration for musicians or composers to create something exclusive and distinctive. Thus, the musicians and composers that Boyd mentioned in her discussions were able to create a kind of music that channels mysticism, spirituality, and the metaphysical, representative of Australia’s indigenous culture. Boyd said that â€Å"All three composers [Ross, Edwards & Schulthorpe] have drawn upon birdsong, not literally, but in a mythical and ritual sense; birds thus become spiritual messengers linking human music and landscape. † The great influence of Australia’s history and the indigenous culture of its native inhabitants is expected, as argued by Schultz . Schultz said that the emergence of a unique and distinctive music is most likely, particularly in Australia because â€Å"the existence of diverse immigrant population, a sense of real or imagined isolation, insecurity about the presence of a national character†¦ unique natural features such as climate, geography and flora and fauna, a pre-existing and extant culture with a strong and individual civilization, high standards of education with concomitant levels of artistic self-awareness, and substantial government subsidization of artistic activity† are dynamic and influential factors that would encourage such devotion and revolution in making and producing music for the sake of art. Furthermore, Lim believes that the growing interest of non-Indigenous Australian musicians to the history of Australia and culture of its Indigenous peoples as landscapes to developing music has something to do with the stipulation of these composers to develop a unique kind of music and a pe rsonal identity as a musician or composer. Lim said â€Å"Aboriginal cultures continue to be used by artists as a marker of authenticity in the construction of an Australian identity of sense of nationality. † By and large, Boyd’s discussions as supported by the narratives and arguments presented by Schultz and Lim explicate the great weight or importance of Indigenous culture in Australia as well as its history in helping musicians and composers create music that represents nationalism and establish a unique and inimitable identity. Works Cited Boyd, Anne. 2007. â€Å"Landscape, Spirit and Music,† in The Soundscapes of Australia: Music, Place and Spiritually. Richards, Fiona (Burlington, VT: Ashgate), pp. 11-18. Lim, Liza. â€Å"Crossing Cultural Boundaries and Ecstatic Transformation,† Sounds Australian 26 (2006), 10-11. Schultz, Andrew. â€Å"Other Places, Whose Music? : Some Introductory Comments on Appropriation and Tradition,† Sounds Australian 20 (1991): 8-9.